What is AFFF?
Known officially as aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), firefighting foam creates a blanket that cuts off the fuel from the oxygen it needs to burn. To help smother the fire, chemicals known as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were, and in some circumstances, still are used.
Major health organizations like The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the American Cancer Society (ACS) have noted that certain PFAS may be linked to cancer in firefighters. In fact, the EPA has classified PFAS as “emerging contaminants,” meaning they are likely dangerous to human health.
The highly durable nature of PFAS means they do not break down over time. Because of this, they may remain in the body for years.
How is AFFF contaminating the water?
AFFF gets into the environment once the firefighting foam is discharged and released during use and due to spills and leaks which occur in AFFF storage locations. AFFF can contaminate the soil, surface water, and groundwater and the residual materials can enter drain systems and discharge to remote locations.